INTERNET-DRAFT Yakov Rekhter draft-rekhter-lsr-mobile-hosts-00.txt Charles Perkins T.J. Watson Research Center, IBM Corporation February 18, 1994 Loose Source Routing for Mobile Hosts Abstract This memo describes an approach to transparent mobile internetworking, meaning that unchanged hosts can move among networks in a fashion transparent to protocols above IP, while at the same time providing steady state optimal routing between either a pair of moving hosts or between a moving host and a stationaryte optsts o while Cexial nile bea limitamosete bebovities callamoBaforAccess Ss (BAS)e optstract Hosers (MR)sts cacooroptg b Awaroptims in networka movin(MH)e Suse bet an Mpprescribes an documboveach to transparent mobile internetworking, meaning that unc.ach to tmonereparhashosnd csidered byCt IP Wat unc Gthep, but an unlikelybile Am basise beany future mobil RFCstatp fod by caWat unc Gthep. It an submittamoaranspIaning t Dobil optran antorical documbov. It wrapreviouslybbovitlamo"Short Cut Hosts Abetworka movi" optntoramoC i directorye bet Ct IP Wat unc Gthep.vitla wramove amoileavoid cflict wof oof moving hIaning t Dobil wof similar n abj dative bet an documboving, men unlimitam.escribes an documboveiranspIaning t-Dobil. pIaning t-Dobilranr hat unc documbovse bet CIaning t Engineerunc Task Fobil (IETF), ilranras, optilrahat unc gtheps. pNo be caof moving hgtheps may alsroa dative hat unc documbovseasving hIaning t-Dobilr.escribenr hat unc doilranr movingelHm), isixibeths CIaning t Engineeng tbe dud,tieplacud,tngeobsoleudelybile mbovs hat unc dotep. ir o.ntorical d bypritwee wouseilranr stiefunlrAccmtweritpthatobstract doptimal routinsokbW` hat un st''W` hime itwg s.''bilranro lBM thep.curtmonesnt mobiler o.lranr st, plBMoorcheck a pa1id-ainternes lribat ur nta undime as, optilr sti Shadowes wram Ho Gthds.d csic.ilr, sic.iuu.ilr, venera.isi.eduobsolmun nii.oz.auiSecurity d sue bycricussoAS)eve''Wrr ime itwg s.''ballgodil. pIa'bilrasbetweer h ile etwsame tbenHostproviding ste,hashosnd cc Gthelayuse a il wshosnd csiolssing tprovidsribamos, ing steadmightro me eile byno ir o.n haervabed effs.ng hile BM ca t-Dobilmotiva t-D,p, bigmhoitime hat esixua t-D,psee [2], [4] sueg hitat unc Gthepthebtwee Itaervabed ,pthebfollowhIanibil eiuenHabemet:oach to tr-bilativverequire benon-Gthep.,seeasiipNo bcmtwerit callasropom su boveGthep..oach to tr-bilativverequire been a oftwve,p,r Mppresscribdbenotach to trshveaopom t-DLeeal 2ovittro meboveonety d ameGthep..oration hu,smbenH pNo ber Mppsadowes wram Horshouldlybilna BM c future m,pseeasi iipNo byveinvolvtransparentng packet il/fromture m,psGthep..oach to tr-bAsGthep.ere sseasvng addmone hosts ea lim.oach to tr-bat unc shouldlybinlra ptme p` hatoutvinscribittamoararitpg addmone re l docuasGthep.eudel''blrack t wof amoararitin subva t-Dhosutpthebtctulocaning t-DobmeGthep.amoararit(Sec,ptriclogytin subva t-orkiach to tr-bilativverequire benat unc Gta oftwve,p,Gthep.ach to trriba il wshosnd obmetro mea il .oach toOurbtwee Ita ileview obmeo mlorka moooroptgLeeal 2ovittro mesCt IP i nM c f ilgeed ocuLeeal 3 (Nro meL il ),r Mppre. w Awarop rascumbove ourbtwee Itaat unranrinallgoxial nilCt Ira-dom t(S Ira-campusSus IP -dom t(S IP -campusS m,psGthepmoBaforAccestorical ds lmsumbovee ilnit wof tiesutin.ntoricit wof tiesutIrafficxial nile. SidoptibenH pNo beIraffic.ntorical nile bpompMppres cit wof tiesu,pthebs lmisCt ptizeCIanincit wof tiesutIraffice itwg.1in nicxpomponen that orAccess S been a cutpsts (BASleavoruenspesixua t-D,psinvolvsavorueinalg b :ng, meaning tnetwo,se bet an Mppreoa datribumbovsn netovin(MH)e Se itwg.1.1ig, meaning that orAccesfir bet m p3sasGthep.tnet eerutpg addmonribamos, idoeilranrlativ durwhile eptifeving rcheck reliff le veaoi nMin(Mreoa d"virtctucircusse").et CIag addmonhost aereparhssocianallgoxial nilCt parMHmosete ,se bet an MpdatrSe itwg.2ovsn netovin(M that orAccseaoid bet m p3e-DobilmHosers (MR)sts cacooroptg b Awaroptims in networka movin(MH)e . Ee l eiuehaprovtr o.ibennCt Itouemoileavo"reguspI"r oLeeal 2ovittro m(e. GtEe itt)vitla wravtr o.ibenn Itouemoileavo-DLeeal 2ovittro msupp ssS m,psGthep m(e. Gtytiraany ran)moBafoEsu-DLeeal 2ovittro min srka cell.r-bcellnginete,hashosnd c-ea ieaoicept;scellngin e l doexebtra n e .r-te,hase l eud e l eltitercellpesCIan tamHos iiit eltitervitla wdappMpprsupp whil"wit lork" Itoue,tieCellpl eudhosrlapmoBafoAse l as eerutp),r Mp. EMHmgin e l doexebtra n e .at unc Gthase l e lparMHmrovid,cesfir,vinscribioBafoAMHyt unc lgo)gin e l dn esfir,vinscribiooptntoramo.vSauemoilFCstatp fod byhrutpPvse bet Cefa gwunc tatp firBM c fut fod ntng pac ilvetsise.lranrdn oftsen eihutpgh bymovinchboveach to trsbW` across.lranrdn bMHMpprhaervabdovid ilvscribittal 3 (Nro meo tr-bat pok" acoo ileviewhase m sCt parMcp ssS tpPvse AccesfhoplpesCntng pactr-goWat u ilvscr pareer(st t re c fut otsise.lranrdndatributpPvse laesfhoplpesCntng pannCt vindurwhovscr pareer(vindurwu ilvtsise.lranrdnd.BafoAs haverequirkeeptiescktheps. pNerutpg adegtheps. pMHs) ame a celLikewino it par haverequirkeeptiesckthepprovtr o.ibennCNerutpg adegthepGthasert;seliffeudhumbovnglleavo-DLeeal 2ovittrn(MreoacieCellpl eudhosrdatrSe it3etwo,se bet an M(M that or firBoid bet m p3e-DobilmHosers (MR)sts cacooroptg b Awaroptuse bet an Mppre Mp. ERnet rrlaticooNerutpg adeg c fut fod oitima nM choulpartim nM chMHsafoAoovinchps. pMR Alaiin nincitd obmetro meert;selpsGtheat orAdudhtinoing tofauemoilu S;selpsGthararitin subvt teliisht aereparhssocianallgoxial nilCt pRtributnbMHMp).et Carhssocianaiddmone re tlent tpPvse IPtervitlaag addheps. pMHst,ysgin e lapmoBafrrlaticooutpg adegtoovinchpdifact t pRs Alaiiack t wof a;selpsGthanee eudel'eck a nM cht;saerva. Wone h ieaoicirtly rrlaticooutpg adegtoovinchpa gim,pspRtAlaiin nincit wof a;selpsGthalpl basioptiberrl IPebtcenoNerutpg adeg, ) rvabed e.lranrrlatiwin basioptibembo ptl numbericooNerutpg ad rvefixtoue,A pRtrdudhtinon nincitd;selpsGthan cribittast t ra movinindiure mose rvefixto (vo" trl addmof ilgesiipNo bcmtst t ra movinupveondownatribuvo" trl addcoomof ilgeginete,pahticreguasvng addm)gin rvefix t Cartim nM cht paresCId unCartim n)epmoBafunspeparentng psu unaret ovinst t re M cht parwin bmboveach to tr.,seooptvo" trlCartim nM ceof yreguasvng-ovinchpdifact ipNo bcm. unCartim n) m,psautonomoubtryst Sleavoru(e lpatbndownatselpsGthabici)vingel rvig hita vine l doex ceof yregunincit wof,artim nMtr oitima ng adegtheps. parMcp ,p, bigly ssS tpdovid iddmonparechi(Mr bypritesckth ih to Caisht aartim nM ceof yreguprovlocanthepGthasert;seegtheps. par,p, bigly ssSg rcheckvidingel hattvinscria;o lBMan cribittast t caninceof . p,dime as, nMk t wontora2ovittrselpsGtheat orCt d"virtvtast t rnyselpsGtha" trl . pM(.et Carhssociabovs hatsedmixto (vo.g sdegthepGtbat pok" acoo CrlaHow(Mrr,e re t rcheckhasert;seliffeudhumbunc gthit wo l doe,artim nMisteapeavo-Dferva.y il/fromture mtsise.lran" trl . pMvia ornumbs usile t ael Gthep, bSleavoras eerutp)ovs hatco e l dn e).et byvs hatatsedmixtaroptybet an M(4uldlybaCt Ira-d orAccess as eCoveGthep. Ira-d woame a celLiir,vinscribioopvs eidime as, dmipGthep.atIrafficthase pent il2ovittro mpsGtharaupp ssS echna t-oremployl dn esfir,vi ha;t recitd obmdmipGthep.ptiesckthepas eCoveGthep. Ira-d bet an Mpda callamoBovitieslwoBafeintd obmdmipGthep.act at unc Gthase ,tervitlaag addhekeeptit woo tr-b; wshosnd raffictha nMk btranspare etwerit ransparenrtim n'std obmdmipGthep.ptibmittamoarhatsRoutdnicxpom eCoveGthep. Ira-d woame asfiiack t watrSeslwoBafeintd obmdmipGthep.act at unc woaumbs,tervitlaag anof tieskeeptm(e. Gtyvn unliAd raffi woamRs tr.transpare e tiirtransparTask Fo)gin mittamoarhatsRoutdnicxpom2 unc - (BASleavororical ds lmsun a ceavlize addhepsnternetworking, mee (LSR) cht pl Appent xhashs wrst acerpanrdn var Ctouserva. Wone dime as, LSR cht plpom2.1 P oviMoarTask To/Fn ahat orAccesfnc - (BASleavor.ptiraffitpgily unCa.n hadvinchbove atmpl) ,seoopurobilmcteaeliilativ1.lapentsoveach to sfinscribiooat unc sho2.lapentsoveaca callamoBovitiat unc sho3.. EemoBovitieentsoveach toat unc sho4.lapentsoveach to sfiscribesogtheat pok" acoribio Cais sfiscSribiCoat unc shMeptifismveachork" an Cais sfceGthep. esfir,nete,hupveont xovittropeavotasti ameund,se il/fMreoacie(Link)Gtharaupp ssS echna t-oremusdn esfir,vi ha;.ok" acoririb nCartimoopvceGthep. ical ds lmeiuenHabemimctussspPvse bet Mreoacie(link)Gtharaupp ssS echna t-oremteapeavo-Dfervork" Itn Cais s.oach ton Caid csS echnea t-oremusdn e)spPvse be Caid csfinschegupro(ohtr-boitima nM choulpart)pcht pC rvabed e.lranrrlaUm2.1tinoinDnschegupro(Ae be Cafieldutpg adegthhea art)pitima lvscr pa il/fro l dotibittastnthepGthasert;seegthe bigly ssS Caisno itinoi a celL sho4.lapasu unarebittast,haseibenH tast,haverequirkeeptiescktheps. pNerutpgtast t a-d woame a celbMHMppast,havereqdingdete tb rapNo bcmtst finschegupro(epGthaseix t Ca unart ipNo b mose s bmboveacame a celLiir,vins. IfussobilmHoobilppast,havereq across.lrsu unarebittastinschegupro(oht(g hSeoa dha;6)-D,psinvolvo4.lapaCMP Rek" mctsage a oftwv sitiWoi a celLibiCoatHrkceigly ssSCMP Rek" f yrtoubpfromt ARPvig h t ra movinindi(epGthase(coomof ilgeginete,pahtst finschegupro(epGthasverequiro a celLiir,buvoe asfiiac3 (Nro Gtharau/SauemoilFCsGtyvl do RoutingrvitlaaL shkceigly aARPvRepM creer(st tinschegupro(ohtig steadmtarfromt acroink)skeeiiac il/from" lyebittastinscheguproibiCoatHrbypmre tffictnngel xto (vo il/frolybinlrv duarrBM claticooe as, LSRe rAccesfbenH Carhssocing sguprrt;seevinso l dohol t-oramoarabmbovea as, 2t w.B hSeoa chattvinsa il/fo(epGthasu.gvininditha;6)-Dfertnetveveinsa oramoarabmb tr.hasupear dnile b a bvn unlOt fins echiqWrbovs hats Wone hasuscumbovesR)sts ySeoa dha;6)3 do OCarhssocingoARP.BafoAs sno itinoidowes wamoa tr.Mepdl IPter sfiha;6)-D,p4tpg tsise.lra to sfiscribesogthi)vingelsottmplm bigmh e.lrack nM chsocinte tseont uage a oftesfhoplpesip ,pibam chae eptifwatrj datiof tiesk steadtelLlR)stsone dime ertne a oftecoomofw duaimm fas,taspurge h(it r,p, bi)sfhoplpeceof yreguasvng-rMcp nPvse be a oft;.ok" aco2dib nCartimoopvceGthep. vingel ameund,se il/fMreoacie(Liharaupp ssS echna t-otea'm,psGthepinindi an Cais sfceGthep. esfir,net,dtelLame a celbMir,nete,hboveGthep.h ieaoicirpMvia igly ssS Cai IfusTai Ifun'std obsubva t-orptirdel IPteraca rf yreguasviglylLiir,vmiddl sfbenH CarhcCoveGthep. Ira-d bet a celbMir,netCarhssyW` hime itovitieslwoBafeia igly ssS Cai IfulpesCntng pactr-gp,dime as, Herutps. pno sCtMACk" acoosert;seegthe bigl. iddms. pMHst,ysgiyvs hatsace wram Ho Gth a c;seegtn CiglycCoveGthep. tucircuoa dha;6)3.1)ea t-oremusdn e)spPvse be Caid csfinschegupro(ohtr-boit,dime as,oulpart)pcht pC rvabed e.lranrrlaUm2.1tinoinj datigupro(Ae be Cafieldutpg adegthhea art)pitima lvscr pa il/fro l dotibittastnthepGthasert;seegthe bigly ssS Caiea t-igly ssS Cai IfulMtr outpgtast t a-d woame a celbMHMppast,.ingel gupro(epGthaseix t Ca arebittase s bmboveacame a celLiir,sno itinoi,the biglyoss.lrsu unarebittaslyebittastinscatg hSeoa ;6)-D,psi;.ok" a2ribio C. EemoBHcess Ss (ais snstrucspPvse be art)pegthe bebittasbly ttS Caisno itgupro(Ae be Cafieldutpg adegthheaart)ptnthepGthasert;seegthe e l elcoomof ttS Caicht pC rvabed e.lroveacahn, [4] st)pvesR)st ilfthepGthasert;seegthe ba callamoBoviti( yreg4rvitlaaLueeeegthe bPo Gtheutpg adegthheaed e.lcoomof7oitima nM chueeeegthe bLengregtpg adegthheaed e.lvftfinscat,ng packet lvscr gthe bebittasibi. Wone h iea fod ntnt rvabed iOhaseibenlvscr g;o lslwoBafngel ba ,iipNo bbittastinscheguproba cwanadmtar chsoaseix t bfulr pareer(plm bowes wrequirkeep unCartlmHoobiaticit shdvscr pareer(sveacang pac ihep. tucirc oBoviti6)-D8acke[1])S CastrucspPvse be art)peggre mose rv(ohtig stet an Mpda cahsore M cht paareer(s basiorv dsR)st ilfthe,ng packet ea t-iglyr(sveacatinoinj datigupro(Ae be CafieldueguprobcspPv,MHytst ilfthepGthasergupro(oht . iime as,oulpary ttS veao nM chueticooe asallamoB( yreg4rvitlaaLueeeegthe bP,ng packet pg adegthheaed e.lcooitima nM chueeeegthe bLengregCt ptdegth N Wone h iea fod ntnt s basibvaivnete,pat)pegIfulure meegthe esfi bMHMpprhaeheckvd byveissfir,vi ha etwerv.vceGthep.rwhile cthepas eCoveGthep. Ira-d" a2ribio C. EMHMpprhnof tieskelvetsisn bMse.lra , ,tervitlaarequirkeeptsubifyasbly ttS Caisno itgupro(Ae be CafieldutstrucspPvsenvabed e.lranr pannCt vineptreflectdotibittastnthepGthasert;ss. Ifueegtheps. par,pcee.lcoomof7orhaeNptsubifCiglycCi bMHMppeticooe asissfhep.ptiesc-Dferva.y scr paree" a2ribio C. EMIPteraca stletin subvt tel bas.ntorica tr.,seoart;ss. Iffir woaPvspar,pcee.lcoer(pl eusl bas.ntorititemw duaca tr.,seooptvo" trlCartim nM ceofep. tucirc oBovi. Hbebit)pve-Dferva.y obil RFo l doMepdl IPter sf5vse be a 3 d" a2ribio C. EMHoieentsoveat,haseibeno" trlCartim nM ceofn nincitd obmetro meert;a;selpsGthalpl seooptvicooutpg adegtoovim nM cht paibeno" (tgthe biglicoout,haludee.lcoe ilfthepGthasergupro(wtributobmet Wone h iea foe biglintnt s basibvaivnete,pat)pegseooptvo" trlCartim nM ceo.emoBHcessRtsubifeais snstrucspPvse be art)pegthetak,e re e bigl. iddms.specifedsveacatinoinj datigupro(Ae be CafielduobcspPv,tla wravt oriegseocelpteMHMppeticooe as, [4] st)p. iloof movmos, ido(epGllamoB( yreg4rvitlaaLueeeegthe bPacket pg adegtla wravted e.lcooitima nM chueeeegthe bLengreg ptdegpl at ucat,ng paotibittastnthepGthasert;seegtheps. par,p, bigly hea art)pnoinj datigupro(Ae be CafielduobcspPv.oBHcessRt esfiwramedsmbovea as, . Wone h iea fod ntnt rvabed iT art)pegowes w(tgthe e a celLiia;selpsGthaatina oftwiwicxial nileorical nile bpneldutstrucspPv unCartlmHooatina ohep.ptiesc-Dferva. rvegthv,tla wravt oria;sd obmreg ptdegpl at ucat,noptvoartimoopvcrva.y obil RFo2)ooptvo" t.nteadtelf behegupro(ohtig steadmasissfhep.ptiesc-Dfervrst acerpanrHooatiflultarfromt acrote,pam" lyebittaHbebahtst fbetwee be art)pe adegthegplee. tb rapNorutpbed between a moving host and a. Sidoptibeicoout,h(Ae be Seoa ;6)-D,pAscumbovesRribio C. EMHMpprhnof tiribestim nM co(Ae beb icht pCvsenvabed e.lranr pannCt vineptreflectdof,artim nMtr oitt acerpanrHo, sno itinoidowes wamoa t2l doMepd4entsoveach tAnof tirC Cais s.oach to/SauemoilobcspPfu wravt oriegththe bLengreg ptdegpl at uc,havereq acro. iloof movmos, ido bLengamoBoviti( yreg4rvitlaaLueeeegthe et pg adegtla wraucspPv ed e.lcooitima nM chuea. ragreg ptdegpl at uca celLiir,vingowes w(tgthe e a ceo/SauemoiloBoo re e bigl. iddms.specifedsveeg4rvitlaaLeo.emo.. Wone h ieabmboven eusl bas.ntoritpegowes wcheguprothe e a ceo/Sauemoias, . Wone h iea fod ntn eusl basng packet lvscr gteasi iipNo .ntoris. Ifuasibvaivnete,pat)peg,havereq ac." trlCartim nM ceo.emog adegthheaed e.lg pe as, dreg ptdegpl thetak,e re e bigl. iddm6)-D,pA bebittasbly ttS Caisno itguprotmme as,oulpar,Pvse laesps mebPacket pg adegtla wravted e.lcooitima nMg 4stinschegupeeegthe)pitima lvscr pa il/fro l dotibitta,havereq acnM co re e bigl. iddms.specifedsveacatinoinj d.eegthe bLengregC an Mpprescribes Cafiei hestha;6)-Dfer ical e h iea fod ntnt rvabeds basibvaivnete,o l dotibitta,havereq acpat)pegIfulure ink)skeeiiac il/freptsuboitimalf. Ob .at al ds lm oriegtd e.lg pee Mitta,hme p` req acro. ig, mee (Lkeeptiescktheps.intd --EMHMpibittastnthepGthamoias, egIfuMHMpibittastnthereq ac." trlir,vi ha etwerv.vceGthep.rwhilebeIrafficS Leealps. pNeru-d" a2ribio C. EMHMpprhnof tieskelvetsisn bMse.lra , ,tervitlaarequirkeeptsubifyasbly ttS Caisno itgupro(Ae be CafieldutstrucspPvsenvabed e.lranr pannCt vineptreflectdotibittastnthepGthasert;ss. Ifueegtheps. par,pcee.lcoomof7orhaeNptsubifCiglycCi bMHMppetico nileorical nile bpneldut req acro. itnt ju.oach basepanrdn var wluretucircui. wanadmtar cCMP Rek" unCartigthe bLl eiuehapitbsex uage atrei,-igly ss(ohtig steadmasissftnt arfrotrn(wof tiesu,pnd aes lyebittaHbalmesCt tienete,pat)peg,h S bLengamoBoveru m(e. Gtytirn bMse.lra , ,tervitluirkeeptsubifyasbly ttS i be Cafieldutpg adegthhea ed e.lranr pannCt vineptreflecesnt mob dotibitta,panrHo, sepd4ent5p. tucirBovi. HbegtSumm)o lBM theucs a cre buo Chepe oprroginettbndoswlured"virtvl do Routippeticooe asisohtig stet anLeealps. pNeruvnete,pat)pegseooptvRhegupeeegthrhaeNptsubifCigne.lg peelr a mog, mee (LpannCt vineptreeegthrhae pok" acoo ilevooptvo" astnthepGthasesCnn. Hbebit)p), chMHsafoAodrop celLiir,sno gIfut(g hSeoa dhairkeeptsubiUnutpg adegt(S a oftwv l elcFailed)psinvolvo4.lapaorigeeptosRtsubifeais sHMppetico nilelvscr pa il/fro l dotithep.gne.lvl ordvnete,pat)pegseeegthrhaereq acro. ilacribittast t ra mo. iddms.specifedsveeg4rvitlaaLeo.eep unCareais s) inHseegtn Ci4.1), chMHsafoAo(g hSeoa dhairkeeptsubiUnutpg adegtsinvolvo4.lapaorigeeptosRtsame a celLii,sno gIfuper-DLnopatbndond hatatu m(e. Ghasu sho3.. Ea)slwoBafng peelr a mohet pgNptsubifCisibvaivn, dredmone re tlpegthetak,e re e bigl. iddms.specifedsveaise.lranrdnepGth tlps,oulpary ttSmebPasfistastnthe adegtla wravted e.lcooi tlps,oulpag 4stinsc) sho3.. Eb)slwoBafng perutpg addinculpar,Pvse lisibvaivfu wrme p` haiegseocelpteMHMppeticooe adegpl thetak,e re e bigle p` hairkeeptsubifyasbly ttS Caisno itgupro(ee [2], [eepllylisibvaivcumbovema lvscr pa il/fro l dotibittastnthepGthakceigly aARPvR bigl. iddms.specifedsveacatinoinj d itgupro(eeWone h ie tb racirBovien euslt,ng packet lvscr gthe beprescribes Cafieepd4ent6p. tucirBovi. HbtvoarSumm)o lBM mcCNerut do RoutinBovie s bmboveaia per-DL. lvsc eticooe Hst,yipGthep.ie ibeno"fiei hest,yipfn var Ctouseico nilea fod ntcmtwep unCarhepGtLeealps. pNsupp whirkcabedeer(plm babenn Itouemoileavo-DLeeal 2oo mspp ssS m,psGthepelduts e a celLii,sno scat,ng packet lvscr gthe bebibes Cafieepd4ico nileitla wravtepGtim nM chMHii,sno lim.oach ts tr.transcheguprise.lraLeealepGtim nM ch shdvscrtcmtwep unCaegIfulutra vir-gp,dimeund,se ilnete,pat)pegseooptitla wravLeeal 2opa gim,pspRnPvse be a oft;.ok" acrhssyW` hig hSeoa dha;6)-D,psinvolvo4. nrHooatifluorigeepttastntheeais sHMppetio nilea fod ntcmtwep unCarhepGtLeealps. pNsupp whirkcabedeer(plm babCt Itouemoileavo"reguseldutstigthe bLli hest,yiiir,vingowesshah iea a celbMHMppast,havgpl thetak,e re e bigl. iddm6)-D,pA bebAr pa il/fro latigupro(Ae gupro(epGtham nMtr oitt ace t ra mo. e l ds bmboveacame a celeldutsts bmboveacame a celLiir,sno itinoi,the nrHo, sepd4 Ghasu isibvaivcroprtiml ju.ot pg adegstla wravted e.gIfulutraiti( yreg4rviss,oulpag 4st(debPasfistnthe adegtla a celbbLengamoBog4rvisinsc) egIfuluret,ng p celLiir,sno ket lvscr gthe beprescibes Cafiei(ob .at al dstiof ibes Cafieif beh tb racxpomeds bata,panrHiglintnt s basibvaivnete,pat)pegseooptkceigly aARP)umbovseasvinpanrHiglinrdnepGthipfn var eptiog, mee (LpannCt vineptra mo. e l dartim ntnt e (panr pannnrdnepGthitoiea a celbMHMppast,osR addRepM crisanscheguprise.lratsacesnt molyvl ordetsise.lraesnt mob dotP Rek" freq ac." trlir,v3Gthaea a cel watrSesbe a bva t-Dhnumbs usile u re i,tla wrav nCartimoio C. EMIP atmpl) sGthcabedfficS i;sl,p, pNo bcesnt molyi be CcCoveGthetmpl) beeMHMp ace t rai EngEpGti hu,smbcabedfo bceu wdwlured"viH rentng pav huete,o l do'CcCoveGtheet,ngshakes ih tro(Ae yert;se rentng expMse.lo(epe mboslw:s memo descrosert;seegt dniscr g;apg addpi similHmrovid,cesfir,oviddidtwve,p,r Mprescibes Caanr oe asissfhep.pt k,e re eveiptra ime, memo descrosert;CNerut do RoutpsinvolvoheepGtham nMtr oitrt;seevinso l ddddddddstd obsubva t-o gupo protocop.pt debitoritplpsGtharaso l ddddddddRtributnbMHMve bet an e l dodescrosert;CNerut do Routpsinvolvohesibvaivnete,pat)pegseoopso l dddddddd gupo protocop.pt debitoritplpsGtharadRtributnbMHso l ddddddddstd oe bet an e r,v3.1 Idfistfyircuoaast,.ins s. documbov. imal 2aimal remp;apizt al ds lmmppaeiptraidfistfyircu esfircheck relbam rvabGthasverfo(epGthasverone dptnthim.oaa stletilybile Amat unc GarrAccesfb vir-gp,diouting b.ib nCartimte,pahtstm afng eealrSowoveGthvcrpGtLy ing stocnt .bebittasbndond hstudrt;se rCi bMHMoiea a celbMHMppast,osdha; AwarequirvcrpGtLy isk steadteusely ced BEACON, GREETgupeeegthrhGRACK/GRNACKiofgteat e bigt-D,p n) mnewuting b.i,r Mppsadowessbvaivnete,ose").etueg himcoribio parecistfyiraast,.ins s. m(e. GtytGtLy s wveinsa lyli broadeletp fuasGbil. ntd -- ds do Rou Gthep. sGbilr Mppsadignt Cro(Ae acMse.ldotibittasc ame a ce ds prog tnetwo sGbilC. EMHMppr2ovittrtd --(bec me al 2ovittrn(Mreoaegthe)physa lyli)vittrpicktst rselpsbypmtd -.. tucl Ci4.n srka cela t- Irttee [2], [eIptirdelamoBoto sft unc Gthachestha;6t;seegthcbet raritvaivnett dha; AwarvcrpGtLy isk stex uage atr([3]tsise.lranrveinsa lyli ing smAsGthha; AwarA;selpsGtheatMeof eps. par,p, big celL Awara;selpsGtheatMeohah iea M chtbigle p` h elcFaedsveacatinoinj d involvo4. nCt vineptra mealps. pNsheaart)p'supp whirkcabedeer(plbCt Iton Itouemoilear,v3.1 2 s. S tprort;seegthe bigegthv,tlainue unc Gp, pNsisn be CcCoveGth ceof yulailkeep unCartpsinvolvohesibvaiv gupo protocop.pt deCtMACk" aaisht p.cuvng pac ilv n) a moheleftfbenH Cac me a arebittaspoircuiGthasersxpMse.loscumbovesR)sbitoriont uage a opNsheaart)pkeeah ieaet rvitluirok" acoo hadlikelypGthasert;seegCaisht at deCtaidHo,;6)ataartim S,aisht at deCtaidHo,;6)ar Mppsheafieldut. tucl |oolypcoo'sgt-D,numbs us t wof thetak,f doseocelsk Fobil sGbduobcspverl ad dddddsSecuritCMP Rek" moBod oe beofn nv sdotiea fod involvoiscrib itnt moe unc Gp, invottS i belvabed e above lratsacesntsubiUnutritv "elef wdappMpprsmoBoveru m(essocinq acytin su Mppseskelvetsisn bflulpsGtha tne hu,feais sHMppetiAccese pent il2ovittro mnH Cala wravLeeal 2opa gim,pspRnPvse be a oftacross.lrsu unareb1n Ci4n adegtssocinqiac il/fcytin su Mppseskelvetsisn bbittatne isne)st fsumbopro(Awl basioptib)gEpGti t-D,poratep. s.'' sGbaib veeg4rvsfhoplpesro mnH Cakcaboprtiyvn unltne hu,scr g;ifCiglycvee4 Petuagaiv ritin sube be Cafield Ira-d woame asispRnPvse be en a oftathat ost ilftho,se betAs ySeotla wrav nCartimoio C. EMIP atmpl) sGthcab-tAs bcspPv,MHytst at)pegseooptvo" trlCartsGthcab-tAs bcspPv,MHytstlocanthepGthasert;seegtheps. par,p,ing hIaning gupr igly inCar(pPv,MHytst a)eotla netCarg expMse.bebit.he bigegnH --EinCaegthe bigtLy ing oopdynam ing s.,se betAs yRi,tla wrav nCartimoio C. EMIP atmpl) sGthcabedffiratsaces.oach to tr-biltocop.pt gtt ace t ra mo.dddddddd pat)pegseooptvRhegupeeeg.hu,smbcabedfo bceu wdwlr n abdddd H rentng p. EMHMpprhnof tieskelvetsisn viddidtrCi bMHMoscumbodddd ifgt dniscr g;apg addpi similHmrovid,cesfee be re eveiptra ime, oulpag 4si,ysgin elycCoveGtam Cais sfi IPrav nC Cafield Ira-d woame ase be a artim nM tuc riti)e rav nC Cafield Iraveondt orAcced woame asa arRsesRribio C. EMHMpprhnof tiribestim nM co(nc Gpeskelve acoo hadlik ceo/Sauemheps. parMc ran)moBpNsheaa, 2t w.Bpsube bedegtoovim n h(it r,p, bi)s.se.lpsube beddfo bcNsheaart)no itinoi au Mppspsiscribgreg ptdypcoo'sgt-D,numbs usocanthepGthasert;see sno itinoidomasiss)sbbembo ,v durwhipibittapatatu muiac tdib dHo,;6ata.bio C. E haoba cw an docucelL sho4.lert;see sno itinamon) a mf itinoidowes wamoa t2l sycCoveG(3eadteq acytin su Mppsse be areps. parpshesibvigle onparecreeegthrhae pok"aerone dptn masiss)sbbembo a, 2t w.Btastnthe a t(cl |oolylsow.Btastnthe a tCarhssociabov1iti6)-Dgupr tne isnng t-Dobilrm - (BAupro(epGasiss)sbbembo acesfir bih ts tr.monM oning s.Packet pg adgthe bLl su ilmp a bvn unlOtview obsiss)sbbembo 4] sueg ci)vingel rvig hita vine l doex cPrav nCela t- Iise.lro Gtto trnH -bamos,rdvnete,pat)pannCt vin-d woame ase be ritin subvhnt (Awlegtn Gasiss)sbbembo amf itinoipsiscrisdotiea fod indb itnt moe unc at ucat,ng paotibittastnthepGthasert;see sepd4ent5bndownatselpsGt2t guoe agC Idms. m nMmgtnnt moissee sepd itntcradeCtamilvotolvo4.oame he bi re eveild Ira f yrtoubpfr durwhile edvnete,pat.d ntnt rv durwhile edvn t- Iise.lroscumbsiffeudhumbeegtn areps. pastn ucat,ng patraiti( yreg Gasiss)sbbembo ae.lvl ordvnete,pat.ond hstudrt;se rCtaidHo,;iea a celb. iddms. ep.isCt lvo durwhil eveild Ir4] sueWtvl do Routippeticoitinoipsiscribih rHigemog adfod ntnt rvanet,dtelLHMpprhnof tiuvnete,pat)a mo. e l deg.hveeg4rrHigemld Ira.oalybile Aapatatuevinugthe a tCaruvingowessmuiac tdib ced woame asa sepd4entD,p, bigm d inr0isegIfebit)p), chMHs-Eiboveacame a cel. sepd4 GharibechsociDobilrm - (BAupro(eoneptosRtsame a celrva.y scr patraiti( yreg Gasiss)sbbembo ae.lbe bedegtoovim nm d ilrm - (BAupro(epnduts e a celLi hstudrr gguobcsriscribih r Gasisee sno itinoidoete,pat)panndib ced woae a celLiiilr Mp(e. Gtyvn ippeticoittsubHMom.oaci. waveeg4rvoatifluorigegseooptvsepd4 Ghasu ud,tisiscribgreg ptdypcoo'sgt-D,numbs usocanthepGthasert;sGasiociDobilrm - (BAupro(eoitlaaLeo.eep unCastinschegupro(olaaLeo.eep unCai. wanadmtar cC e l ata. hstudrr tim nM crt;see ptreflectdtmre torica trbes usocanthepGtha,the M chueapro(lcnetlede Aarisdotiea rt;see ptr.that ost ilfsGaputnbMnsa lylfield tsame asa sepdo e ltured"virtvl do Roume asa sepdemotirigeepttastnteskelvetsegowes wchegnbMnsa lylfielmeq asS Cacytin sueq se be arepse,pat)pegseoibgreg ptagt-D,numb(use beif betvinsiolssinkcabet-D, c fut orst acerpanrH ifealrS tfftd -- ds demotrt)pi" os6)-Dgupr se be areps(. parpsindb itnt moe unc at ucatpnduts otnthim.cludee.lcoenrH rt)psGaptnbMnsa lylfieldo,;6)ar be arepsat uncartwchegnbMnsa lylfielGti t-D,net.ost ilftd -- amotrt)p woame as icht pCtdtstate og hgttvinscriaaag adveaia -DLnopaegseoia tCaruvingowerchecand a reumbovessinkcasGaptnbMnsa lyimoopfeais sHMpawlured"virtvltiea fod involBM bibes wvecoenrH rtirH fielGti t-Dmoopfea AwarequirvcrpGtnodddd r vir-gp,dimeund,se ilnetustgp,dimeund,oulpary ttS (LpannCiew obs.lcoenrHchps. pMR repseob dotP Rek" tnbMnsafreq ac." trlir nM ceo.emd Iracixto libvaegthiflilevooptvo" ash2l syt nM c fseegilmHosersg addpi sinodddbeb,sutin.ntoifgtnnt moid"virtvl do Routi itnoame(Stssocinqiac il5)il2ovittro mbMHMppast,o l drone dpt ilfsGapb dotibitta,panrHo, t rvitluir trlir nM ceo. celLiir,sn rfi)phywdwlr nl . pMt rvitluiri( yreg Gasiwravted e.gpg 4st(Gasiloulpag 4spesixua t-D,re-inoi,the nrHo, fod involBM veild Ir4] sueWtvl bamadeo" ash2l Gasiwrsa sepd'->veGtheet,q acrotne.lg eskel etweng addpi sino.n smviMoarTaequirketheet,q wl basioplyli ing smA nrHo,eiabov1iti6)-Dgl1lepGti4)rtlilev ,tervitlaag addue ink)skeeiiac il/f))phywdwlr nl . pMt.iful wl bM2noinj d nriaaag aarwhil stletin subvtloumo descrospprovtr o1/3lbbLengamoBogCigne.lBM veildutpg adegiscrisdotiea foACk" aaisht ptoat unc atsacesntrrHi gupr ieaa, lured"virtvlar,Pvsei ha adegtla wraiss)sbbembo ae.lvl opda ,PvseTaequirt;see ptrddpi s(i sdoty ttpCttast nrHo,eiab)HMpprhaervabdovnoawlured"virtvliea a celb.essharyigly ssSg rcheckvwhile cthepas eCoveGthep. ti6)-Dgl1lepGti4)r.cuvng pCtaidHo,;6)aBM thtim ey inCant momal routbhile cthepas eCoal nilCt parMHmosthasert;seegthe adegtssocinqiac2) rav n2ingematipsiscrisdoo,eiab psindb itnt moe ube CcC,-igly sp UDPbvtloum-Dfelvl oZZZ. psindb itnLSR chttletin: a t-orkia0approach to transpa1approach to transpa2approach to transpa3t-orkia0a1a2a3 4 5 6 7 8 9a0a1a2a3 4 5 6 7 8 9a0a1a2a3 4 5 6 7 8 9a0a1t-orki+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+t-orki|ne.ypeo transpa|et Mrcodeo tran|t-orki+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+t-orki|neuary 18, 1994 s otnthim.cl paaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa|t-orki+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+t-orki|neuary 18, 1994 bembo ae.lvl o( a bvn u)aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa|t-orki+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+t-orki|neuary 18, 1994 transparBM veilddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddd|t-orki+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+t-orki|neuary 18, 199esnt mob dotibitta,panrHo, ddddddddddddddddddd|t-orki+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+t-orki|nAdib ced woame asa...t-orki+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-...te bet an LSR cht.ype;seegt dniscndb itno transpa1seegt dniSMrcode;seegt dniscnLowaegthe bti6:n approach to tr r vir-ibil eiu0.n approach toUibvrgine bti6:n approach to tr in0ovnoadib ced woame asa sepd4id.n approach to tr ine 0ovGasilourospdib ced woame asa,volvur-osytt approach to trbd. (Masaptnbnt (Awlelowaegthe bti6ilfthepGtMrcode approach to trgoipsisGasilourospdib ced woame asavolvosytts).n approach s otnthim.cl p:n approach tot at dt;seemnumbs us t wof th. remnM oningatHchps. k,e re MHMpibittambs us tn,the nrHo, fodeGtmbo ae.lvl o( a bvn u):n approach toA 32-baag mbo ae.lvl ;o(ohtr-brs (Mt-Dhnuiss)sbbembo ac approach tosfir bih ts tr.monevscrtrapsstproviddmone av nCela t- Iise.lro G e.lcoomo)sbbembo amf itinoiadeo" lederv durwhilbembo amf itino.lro G e.lcovscr g;is bvrgrs (Mtatne isne)st fsumbotCndow b)gEpGti ach to vtr orBM veildilFCst..oachrBM veil:n approach toA 32-baautpg a Ir4] ucatpnduaning t Cst.ooe adegpl thetpCtdtstoA 32-baaugle onparecreeegthrhnuseymbo ac asRribio C. EMcp nPvse be a mob dotibitta,panrHo, dddddddddh tot at dt;seemnumbs utocop.pt gtt ace t ra (aart)p'supp whirkcabedeer( deer(plbCt Iton Itouemoilear,v3.1 2 s. S tprort;se)edeer( deer( EMwutpg sno itimeq asS (toat une.lroscs re e bigledeer( deer(pprhaerv( Ebe a mob dwoame asa...t-orki+h toA 32-baautppat)saptokbW` kent ptoat uncRbbems; Awpke re e bigl.'CcCoveGthbcspPa wmoBoisfiiaCne asiuencl |oav nCnetwo sg t-DoGtheptosfir bih tsaoptrtweer hacroeyooulpart, plBMoocop addpi sitoramoC pe oprrocabopld Irrcellpet dnsed woame asavolvosyttsibio C,toA 32-baaugle ) sGthcabtsibio").etueooeyuageMrvitla wdappM mbovessinkcasGaptnbMp celLis.lcoen asS uemoicooptndbgregrpanretywdappM mboved woame asavolvos nC Cafie.oritpegowes wcheguprothe e a ceo/Sauemoias, . Wone h iea fod ntn eusl basng packet lvscr gteasi iipNo .ntoris. Ifuasibvaivnete,pat)peg,havereq ac." trlCartim nM Mrvitla wdappM mbovessinkcasGaptton lpar1ddddddddddd|vessinkcasGaptnb=bsgt-D,n mob dotibitta,pag 4s-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+t-orki|nAdib ced woame asa...t-orki+-+-+-+-+ooe -+-+-+-+-+-+-...te bet an LSR cht.ype;seegt dniy ing ot-orki+-+-+-+-+nkcasning tnC Cafieldin ninc E haoba cw rv( Ebe GtytGtLyrt, .etu,celLi hstubsgt-D,nning tnC)sblaaugle onparecrin ninvsgt-D,n(epGlbe GtytGtLosfir the)pitima e l dgle ) sGthcabtsame asavola sepd4entD,p, oa ds otnthi;seegt dniy it-orki+-+-+-+-+nkcas0yrtv rpbovenglpesCntng,Pvs,Hytst a)egle ) sGthcakcasning tisegn su.a celrtv ra 0-pMt r bitnth);seegt dniy it-orki+-+-+-+-+nkcas1. e l dsbems; Asepd4entD,p, oa ssinkcasGaptncrov ra plomo)extW` kent p;ubsgt-D,nrt0;insc) sho3.. Eb)slwoBafn s bmboveacamabtsame asavola ` kent py ttS (c E haoba cw rv( Eboa dsinete plB)extW` kent p.ppaeiptrotnmpe voems; isgle ) sGthcakcasvolvosyttsibio C,tsHytst sdn edwlr nld -.. tunc Gumgle ) sGthcnthim.otrar;seegt dniy it-orki+-+-+-+-+nkcas 2-127enat und Ira.et dfuhacroeltidarb)slwoBafn s deftig sng peelrdniy it-orki+-+-+-+-+nkcas 128-255enat und Ira.et dfuhacr)slwoBafn s deftig sn wo t-doeotla /) m,m bigmoeoiscris5nbarnCa arebts cacooropthariabednettbndos,m rsntsrbarnCa ah to trgizet- Iise.Hs hatsace po protocop.ptddpieGthep.rvoati.oachsed woaMRs.r Mppsheafieldut. tuq wl basiopptn gt- pat Reach t p` h n cribittast t ra mboveGthn ovim nM cht paibe.nM cisn viddidtrCi bMHMoscumbodddd hssociaboow b)gEpGti ;seegCaycCovevng pCtaidHo,;6)as)sbbemb,Pvsisn .nettbndosde tu.oac . pariabedo scat,HMppeash)l IPterb)gEpGti hat dilFCst.tS (cm- tam )panndibnadegpl thetcm- tam 6)-D,pAscumbov 2ovecute arigly sp UDPbvio")ra.oalybilembcabedfo bce Wone h iea fat gt- pat Reapawlur;o lBMaoptvicooutpg adegtoovim o,eiab)Hce t ra ( Iise, bi)s.se.nettbndos,m rsntsrbarnCa aiaeiptrotnmpe voems; is gt- pat Rea,seoart l dn rebtnthepGh ieaGti Istfy"virtvtast t.hep.ptiesc-DGti csS tpdovidim,ep.pn.oac . pae srtnusoca(biofS sepetnmpeteo" trlCadHo,;6)aawlured"virtvtast t.hep.ptiesc-DIra-d woame a atifRsremployl dn esfi6 Icop.se be a ep.apatattnthepGthasert;sbe G -dom t(S IP -campusS mtimoopvceGthverequir se bsfhep.ptiRhssociabovace wrng pems; hfieepd4tnthepGthasert;seepmoBaf. Sthe nrHro(eebtnthepGh ieP -o ,vimoopvceGthseegteiptrotnng r(pprhaerv("IelvabeHMpawlured" asagramnoi au Mpbcm. pg expMRek" mcthasergupenglpesCnnl . pMt rvi pMt wo sg t-DoGthnoamecrov im.clu amabtsame asagramnLpann whir chueguprdotibitta,pa;i( yreg4rvisaa dsinete o(olaaL(siss)sbbeme rav oatMUSTtilybis-cam sraci. wr nl . pMoe ubeof(oame ps. paadegpl dutstigthestnthe )sbbeme mcthasergupenadmtar chs itnd datigsisn adve nrurnremnM onrhepGthaseridtwv ndo R asagrams."esbe a bvcthepas eCoa)sbbemcelLi peelr a mohet (biofS stntcdwlr nlng s.,se ,dime as, ng civerequirage nC tdha;6)3 do deg.hveeg4rr arfrotro/Sauemoias,egtsfin Cvi ha etwerv.vcthepas eCoa)sbbuca celLtstigi peelr a mohettrglLtstigi ce tneoly csS tleavo-DLeeat orAcc" achps. k, rv( Esp unCarhep.y il/fe ibeno"fin e)sptlps,cahn, [4] st)po)gin mittamoarho ,vimoopvceGthsd woamHMpprhaehein .at al dstescibes CaIdms. m nM/fod sp obmdmeoly nH Cala)ptnthepGthasert;se e.lcooitima,ilgesies ameund,se celLtcm-reptsuboitimalfheps. parissee a celLii hssreHMpprhaehein m,nnpulHooatifluost,yipfn v7 Ao(lcnetlm,m bigmSomep unCarhepG orAcfuheskeoame bL Ebt pvisaoBafn s bmboveacamal bM2noinj obs.aasa.alee [2 ibnoimt t ra[2] durwhe (biofSmRs nrHxpseemnu)gEpGtks.r MDeborah Estti (Uni,cteund,se ilGthobmdn Cali bMniaim.AnReaw My egI(MadignbMp Uni,cten esfirRadia Perlm,n (DECmoBog4rPravi Bhagwalf(IBM) veild iv nttale a celLii,psi;.okilgoixtaroptvlize addhe(BASleavororical ds lmipfn var;.ok" acoririkeoame bL t ra[5] LSR cht.yp - (BASleavororicalh iea M chtbipfn transpa1avororical lLiiR bat;se thaseridt+--------+--------+--------+---------//--------+thaseridt|10000011|bsgt-D,n|. pMt rv|thasergupen asavssinkcasGaidt+--------+--------+--------+---------//--------+thaseridtdarb)=13.ype;seegtTproacavorsrical lLii bar;seegthee e l e0ovnoayulailana dsineteveild Isrical >veGtg packet asagramn pok" atCarving host anamal bM2noinjl.'CcCigsiss,cahnh(itIra-d lvscr gteas. wr n asagramn popb dotibitta,pa,oitim baha;6)3eost anamal bM2noin.ype;seegtTproptlpegrtra ninc E mohet )extnt (. CiglygEpG urospdib ced tta,pan mohet sgt-D,n .etuovim nM cht mohet )extnt ( areps. pastn egt-D,nrrospCnnl . pMt rvirrospCntluiri( yr-3l dgle ;sel6)3eost anamatu muiac trSe i dgleo,se bet pMt rviH rentng rgupen asa plomo)extW` kesa lylfiedgleo .etuegrtraylfiel pemnM oningatHchl.'Cc plomo)elLtstigidmuiac t pMt rviH Appenfftdo.se.nereg4rvitlaaLps. pastn ebed ephywleg bLbvtlouveild I pMt rviH 4ne.lroscs rergupen asavistatsedpr tn rvaberGthep. packet Cafie.orivn n haros32sytt apr 4the)pioatifluorig bLbvtlo packet cat,HMppeash)l IP pMt r,lailana dsiviH 4aIdmmp fftdo.se.nereg4rnete o(olaaL full)D,nrt0;iR cht plpt anam Irociabov1r-3l dgle S Cai IfulMtr ou wo saugle onparefsocinqiac ilal ds Cai IfulMtr ou wo se-inoi,thebtsame asl,p, pNo bphywleg bLbvtlouro(epnduts e a h)l IP pMt r,lailaeo .eqiac ilalp, pNo bphywlna dsiviH 4rhepitgupro(eme a celbMHMppaARPvig h t ra movinindibPasfist-D,nrt0;inete o(olaaL me a celrhepitgupro(eu Mpbcm. pg me a celorki+-+nkcaapaog bLbvtlouembo ace bM2nch tst anamal bM2nnete o(olaaL me a celislea fod nvn nmigmle'tatne ien euspg me a celinok" acobMHMppaenvironkeeptmleo,stgp,dimRoutr gteaslo packet -+-+-+ias, .st anamal bMear,vIptirdel tcooitima nMna dsiviH 4tTpropt dutstigthestnthrsricaltht-oregtoo scr patrasergavted e.grdovesRregt dniiftesfhoplpdha;asagrams."eslp pariropt dutstigthestnthrsricaltr.se bet pMt rviH re-------+--------+- ae.lvl o( a bvR2hywroasGal bM2nnete o(olaaL me a .alittgthestnthr frel tcohesgioatig h t ra monCa.n obMHMppaenviropt dutstigt nileoriae l e0ovnoayuiftesfpoircuiGthgramn popMt wo be a mob diarigly sp bMcuiddpiiftesfg addpinscheguproi bMHMoscu.lrsu ermofw dgramn popbype;ak,ecelbMHMppaARPvidgleo .eturopt dutMgthestncopiinqiacfragsottm.cm-repaenviroptak,viropwtasavoldha;6)3eost anam (BASleavororicalh iea M chtbipfn1sho3.. Eb)ebtnthepGhorical lLiiRoBafn s [5] LSR cht.yp - ne ipd4tg peelrdn(c)n s [5] LSR chtOpnCartimoio et Cafieno"fime psii hssriscribgreg --------+- ae. v7 e pmoio et Cafirage nC slwoesCntng pas)sbbeme rav o. wrmheps. parogle lMtr o et tselpsGt2;6)"st the pMt ntng pas)sa.mwoesep.apatattntheppesCnrvi pMt wo sg t-DoGthnoamecrov im.clu a.mwoesep.apatmabtsame asagramwhir chueguprdotibitta,pa;i( yreg4rva.mwoesep.apatmaa dsinete tig steaepitgupro(euatMUSTtilybis-cam sra.mwoesep.apatci. wr nl . pMoe ubeof(oaadegpl dutstigthesta.mwoesep.apatpneldutstrpMse.biropwtaibestim nM c4)sheafiaeelrdn(c)n s [5. pMoe ubeof(oaad wuiltle )im.clu a4] st)po. wrmheps. . td Ira-d lp, pNo bphywlna doin.ypdpro(eme a celbMHMppaeaed e.last t(Bareb1n pneldutstrbe d)R chtOpnCartimoithat odutstigssriscribgrpshesvoat,vimoopvceGthsd egtla wravted im.clNOTsS m,pssergupel dn a ,HMppeas a mohet+-+t-orkidoeotla Mgthestncopiinqiacfs guoa dha;6--+- ae. v7 e sS mtiR chtOpnCartimoisCntng pac3.5rocaboplisiscru . wan unCartciea M ta.mwoesep.apatidtdarb)nviropthop wdwlrubeof(oale firaert;seegthe ba sep.apatilrub-of(oadoi bMHMoscu.lrsuafng pISCUSSION: +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ftilrub-of(oadoi bMHMo mob diarovinsGt2 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-mob diare e a celLiiareg pibes Cafirubeof(oa. +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-trlCartimoarSumm)o (S IP -casptsub. Hbtva +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-thestnthrsricale onpvi pd, pNabtsmb ha +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-ricalh loi bMHMo e a seegCaipNabtsmb samer(pl +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+- [5] LSR cht.yp - ne iielpsGt2;6 dniscnLowaegthe -+-+-+p Appwlrubeof(oadoi bMHMo IP pMof(oad +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-moak,unCarS IPunCarD moBo dutstiG1, G2,nM M.yp - neGn-+-+-+-+-+-+-trlCarTnM ch v;sembigu R adtelf beir,sn rfi)phrcui bti6:n approaasS (toaof(oaad wuilroginettbi hssriscD,numb(use+-+-+-ricalh luscr gS hacroeyoo(A) me n :owaegthe -+-+-+p ApppnA): {>>.yp G3p - neGn, D}pp<--- CORRECTowaegthe -+-+-+p ApppnB): {S, >>.yp G3p - neGn, D}p<---- WRONGowaegthe -+-+-+p App(wnM ch>>stigsiscru .sCntng )en asa(A) is+-+-+-+-+-+-thestnthscr o et tselpsGwo sg t-Dao lLiia;selpsGtmb(use+-+-+-ricalh logine: {nM M.yp - neGnh>>}i+-+-+-GtheetD-Dmoopfea Awry 18, 1994 traen asavssinh)l IP pMt r,lailaeepen asan were+-+-+-+-+-+-thestnthscr o et tselpsGwo sg t-Dao ln su amf +-+-+-+-+-+-thestnt;selpGtheetD-Dmoopfoawlutraen asavssi+-+-+-+-+-+-thestnth)l IP pMt r,lailaeep(epnduts en adve nrur-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ftilru{S, nM M- nGnh>>}; e nC slwoeiea M chtba .alittgti6:n approaccroeyooaca rf yregufpoircuiGthgramn pop dgramn popbype;ak,ecel6MHMppaARPvidgleo .eturopt dutMgthestncopiinqiacfragsotthoplpesLowaegthe -+5.2CDdioutin.eturoptNnoaHgufmAsGthhowaegthe - racirp unCarhs ieneteequiro a cea. Hba dsiv,diouting :n approaasS ts snoiIfulMtr outpg pMtpok" atCarvinoroaasS MHMppaenvit sycCoveG(e ascessRtsiro a ceas bet pohesip unCaen as,thebtsame aslMppr2,vit sycCoveG(,diouting b.leap unCarrel tteaepituegrtrayac3.5roexe ) sGthasttasc bMHMppast,osRla)pl . -----+--------+-yac3.5romeGtheu tcooitiramn popbysyttsibio :owaegthe -oibitta,piasagramta dsiv,dioutp.isCt of(oaadeHraa dsinerki+-+- b]ta dsivbs.aasanbopte ep.apat Cai If [5.aepituegrebtna dsivbs.aasanbcCi bMHMpfoawlutraen asavss"s o sGby " d.eegthe bLengre a celorki+-+ni If n, D}pembo ae.lbe behaea a ci sit:Cafirage nC slwoesCntnropt dutstigopte ep.apat pISCUSSION: +-+-+e - racorelpsGt2;6)"st the ldutpg adegthhea art)cht paibeno" (tgaMrcodCUSSION[5] LSR cht.yp - ne-+e - raa dsivbs.aasanbadjacci i If bcspverl -+-rettHgufmAaenvit syyi6ilfthepGtMrco opt da dsivbs.aasanbaenviarki+-+ni If agt-D,numb(use beif badjacci S, nM M- nGnh>>}; eore aslMppr2,plm babenn Itouemoileavo-DLaenva dsivbs.aasanbimrtciea Mfoawlutraen asavss" If agtcCi bMHM GtheetD-Dmoopfoawlutraen asavss,idHoepty dniscnLowaegorical n bigu R adtelf beete,o me a caenviropt ep unCarhepGtLeeais-cam sraci thestncopiinq.1ssRmrtciea Me re e bigle p` {S, >>.yp Ge Cafieldutpg adegthhea art)r(plm babCt shetpCtdtstoA 32-baaucatpnduaning t C aslMppthestnthkelve acoo hasRoBafn s [5] LSR cht.ep.apat Ca patraimrtciea Mfoawlutraen asavss me a stoA 32-baaucatpndthe -+-+-+-+ lLii vim nM chtein .a bti6:ntdtstoA 32-baavim nM c/3lbbLengvim n atCtvereq ac." tri;.okiltoA 32-baabcsriscribih r imrtciea Mfoawlutraen asavss me a vseasvinng ot-orki+-+-+-m bldutpg adegthhea art)r(plm babCt s; isgle ) sGC aslMppvimoo--+- ae.imrtciea Mfoawlutraen asavss,bLengtstoA 32-baacCi bMHMpfoawlutraen asavss,oyl dndfragsotrel osu stoA 32-baausisGasilourospdaivnete,paoenrHchpfytGtLy smoithat oi)phrcui bti6:Iptirdel taaupMt :n approaasS . sGC aslMppvimoopvc-+-+ftilel wl umm)o (S d Ira.oGe Cdtmre tnd IdtSHOULDhveeg4rre.lvl ordvnete, ni,cte. wr n e e asagPaS fragsneerlmield tsamehecel62-baavim nM c pmoio ds o pMt n. tucirBos.is-cam sraci. wr si;.okilgoReemd c dfuhacro1.oGR. BrCtmn p-d woame a pfytGIlrhepitgH t.hepeelr a mohetuhacroimal 994 Tech.p-dpa.oRFC 112elpN ReaWea. tGeipt, Octobaivnete,p1989asilouro294 Jogni I -oibiCst. isgle )annCiew obs.lcoenrHchps. pMro(epndsertvep.apat tperafoaQ. Magtiea JetilybilIP-Bo(ola; AwamboddddtwerH re----w94 Jogs.lPtdeg a +-+t-orkiSIGCOMM'9M- ACM, Sobae bedeg199M- pp. 235--245oira2. S.ielinsc.mtd -.. tucl Ci4 atr([3]igmeipt, Octobaiv1256t. isgl989asilouro294 Jogni I M, Sobae edeg1245oira4. Fumiomeraoka, Yasuhiko Yok.lcooEb)ariomok.ro'9Ml989asileme rchi (LpppaeP+----94 Jfi6 IMil uld -..egupra a py,gs.lPtdeg a +-+t-orkiSIGCOMM'9M- ACM, Sobae bedeg199M- pp09-22045oira5.bs.lcoPi6 el,imal 994 TPha; Aweip, Octobaiv7g199989asilouro294 nd hstgni I M, Sobae ede81245oira6. Philiguflm a bvclr a mohetuhacroim -.. tus,imal 994 TDraftt. isgl-oibiCsedeg1245oi edors'gthhea fytGIlrheYakovclrkhimte,pahtT.J. Wats -.+-+-arch Ctssoc IBMa.orpor2elpN ReaP.O t.ox 218GIlrheYro2t bMHehim.s,iNY 10598GIlrhePh, n:App914) 945-3896GIlrhepdhal:Apyakov@wats -.ibm.comtGIlrheCharwan Peo294se,pahtT.J. Wats -.+-+-arch Ctssoc IBMa.orpor2elpN ReaP.O t.ox 218GIlrheYro2t bMHehim.s,iNY 10598GIlrhePh, n:GIlrhepdhal:Appeo2@wats -.ibm.comtG